This is a story of a lad who desires to be the macho-man of his town someday, and soon that 'someday' came...
He was walking down a street of his partially revamped town, located miles away from a hospital/clinic and he saw a person suddenly clenching his chest and falling off his knees! All unconscious! And when he kept his palm over his mid-left side of his chest, he found that the person’s cardiac rhythm is sorely disrupted, causing cardiac arrest… And it was quite difficult for ambulance to reach the town on time.
This is a case of ventricular fibrillation (or VT), a serious cardiac rhythm disturbance, in which the lower chambers (ventricles) quiver due to random contraction of ventricular muscle fibers, as a result, heart is unable to pump any blood, resulting in cardiac arrest. Most VTs occurs within the diseased hearts, and is also seen in those who suffer from myocarditis and other heart pathologies.
Ventricular fibrillation is extremely fatal, as it frequently results in unconsciousness and death! As it results in ventricular arrhythmia, undermining the heart’s ability to pump oxygen rich blood.
And the only way out to save the victim is to provide a shock treatment, using a defibrillator. ideally, 20A of current must be sent through the chest cavity to transfer 200J of electrical energy in about 2.0 ms and near about 100kW of electrical power must be delivered, so as to re-establish normal cardiac rhythm. And such a requirement is readily met in a hospital, using a defibrillator.
Havoc! Everybody crowded near the victim, and suddenly his eyes gazed upon a local hardware store nearby. He hurriedly rushed to the store and brought two 35 µF capacitors and connected its one end with a HTB and the other end with two thick metal sheets (paddles) and placed one paddle on the upper right of the chest and the other paddle on the lower left of the chest and periodically turned on the circuit. After delivering multiple shocks, the heart re-established its rhythm and the person regained consciousness. And this is how he became the macho-man of the town!
Time to reveal the science behind the defibrillator!
It’s based on the ability of a capacitor to store potential energy is the basis of defibrillator devices, used by emergency medical teams to stop the fibrillation of the victims.
In the portable version, a battery charges a capacitor to a high potential difference, storing large amount of energy in less than a minute. The battery maintains only a modest potential difference to greatly increase the potential difference of the capacitor, hence the rate of energy transfer is also modest.
Conducting leads are placed on the victim’s chest. When a control switch is closed, the capacitor sends a portion of its stored energy from paddle to victim.
For instance,
let’s consider a 70 µF capacitor charged to 5000V
ENERGY STORED IN CAPACITOR = U = ½ CV^2 = ½ x 70x10^-6 x 5000 = 875 J
About 200 J of this energy is sent through the victim during a pulse of about 2.0 ms.
THE POWER OF THE PULSE = P = U/t = 200/2x10^-3 = 100kW
AS CARL SAGAN SAID :
Science is a way of thinking,
much more it is a body of knowledge.
SUPPORT, UPVOTE, RESTEEM
@amansharma0758
Great post Bro. use more tags I suggest use upto 5
i'll take care of it from next time. thanks for your support
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