Peer review is not a separate thing, it occurs as a part of the submission process and is done by the journal you submit to. It is not done by the researcher. It is a tool for the editor to know whether other experts in the field can find scientific validity in the work. The editor then takes their recommendations into consideration, if the comments are too bad (and the article is hogwash) it's rejected. If the reviewers say ... Well maybe but I want to know "blah" then the reviews are sent back and the author gets a few months to respond, make changes and resubmit. Then the process repeats. Until the reviewers and editor are satisfied in the quality of the work.
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