The convergence of the directions of natural-science and social-humanitarian knowledge. Conclusion

Thus, we can draw the following conclusions.
The term natural science, being quite general, denotes a complex of sciences about "inanimate" and "living" nature, i.e. Sciences with the aim of studying physical and biological natural systems in their close interconnection and interaction at various structural levels. The object of scientific research in natural science is the entire surrounding physical and biological world of nature.

It is from the standpoint of the integrity of the surrounding world in the interconnectedness and interdependence of the numerous elements making up this world that it is expedient to consider its most general laws, the main trends in development.

The results of research conducted in the framework of a huge number of scientific fields that are part of the natural sciences form a kind of information field, or the so-called knowledge base about the surrounding physical and biological world, which is designated as a natural scientific picture of the world. In fact, such a picture of the world is the joint use of general scientific methods, which usually enhances the effectiveness of their actions.

The basic law of positivism, proposed by O. Comte, was the so-called encyclopedic law, or the law of the hierarchy of sciences, according to which the system of sciences can be represented in the order of increasing complexity and time of appearance in the following way: mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry, biology, sociology.

From the middle of XX century. in the West, and then in our country there was a tendency to mutual opposition of natural and humanitarian cultures. In fact, the natural sciences and humanities culture undoubtedly complement one another, forming together a common, magnificent building of human civilization.

Concerning the fundamental possibilities of cognition, there are various philosophical approaches. Thus, some theorists of cognition claim that it is in principle not possible that a person establishes illusory relationships. Agnosticism in this approach is not shared by followers of empiricism and the scientific point of view. The followers of the last two points of view believe that the surrounding world is cognizable, and that experience and its analysis make it possible to identify certain patterns and laws.

The formation of ecological consciousness presupposes a cardinal reorganization of views and a reassessment of values in the system of human-nature relations so that the assimilated ecological norms become the norm of behavior for each person.

If environmental knowledge does not become an imperative for behavior for an individual, then one can not speak of the presence of ecological consciousness. The real possibilities of an exit from the ecological crisis should be connected with the spiritual and moral potential of the society.

From the standpoint of the ecological paradigm, moral activity will be recognized that harmonizes relations in society and the relationship between nature and society. This means the formation of environmental ethics, morality, morality, the formation of consciousness in all spheres of labor and social life. In this connection, a number of concepts are of particular interest in their theoretical and applied characteristics.

The scientific paradigm is a very stable, extremely inertial and actively opposing attempts to change it the system of scientific views in the public consciousness. Therefore, the replacement of one paradigm by another, connected with the fundamental breakdown of established scientific ideas and the whole natural science picture of the world, as a whole occurs in science rather seldom, being characterized as a natural-scientific revolution.

In the XXI century scientific methods of cognition reached unprecedented heights in the field of nanotechnology, information technology, molecular biology. In the emerging post-industrial society, the highest growth rates in developed countries demonstrate areas of high-tech industry. Innovative scientific technologies are considered one of the key aspects of the industrial policy of any developed state.

On the other hand, "pseudoscience" is widely used in post-industrial society, imitating the scientific method of cognition for one's own purposes.