Every one of the components of your body originated from the stars, and every one of the components on the earth originated from the stars. All you find before you and all you will find in your life are materials and components framed by the blasts of stars. Envision that a portion of the carbon components in your grasp are similar components that had framed the greats of history and similar components that shaped the dinosaurs 65 million years back and similar components that will frame different creatures following a huge number of long stretches of your passing. The components in your face itself framed oceans, seas and volcanoes. You develop through vitality digestion and after that change it into components in building your body. And afterward pass on to reestablish these components to the biological system to be utilized in various structures. Truly, the earth is a shut concoction framework that repeats its components constantly and in an unexpected way.
The atoms of water on Earth are dependably the same, the carbon particles on Earth are dependably the same, the oxygen atoms are dependably the same.
We will go on a little excursion around the stars and find the kitchens of presence and where we originated from and where we will be watchful we may have experienced some dark openings or other unusual wonders on our way ...
What are stars and what is shaped and how would they develop?
In a past article I outlined the hypothesis of the Big Bang and depicted the phases of the development of the substance (the article of the particle ). I might want to get off the purpose of shaping hydrogen particles. On the off chance that we have a universe loaded up with space and a hydrogen material as plasma (protons isolate from electrons). After some time, the warmth of the universe started to decrease and gravity started to draw in iotas toward each other. The protons were related with electrons to frame the most straightforward sorts of iotas.
The hydrogen particle is one of the least difficult and lightest iotas in the universe, comprising of one proton and one electron. We group the nuclear components by the quantity of protons in the core of its top, for instance hydrogen number 1 as a result of the nearness of one proton in the core and oxygen number 8 on account of the nearness of 8 protons in the core and carbon number 6 and helium number 2 et cetera.
Well how about we begin ....
With time, on account of gravity, the hydrogen particles gather and these molecules start to bunch together. Obviously I am discussing trillions of trillions of particles. These hydrogen particles start to pack increasingly on themselves, prompting higher temperatures and the nearness of their cores from each other. The core of the particles is compacted together with the quantum burrow property. These particles start to consolidate in view of the impact of solid atomic power. Solid atomic power is in charge of the attachment of the core of the particle when all is said in done, however in the event that the core of another molecule enters its circle, it consolidates the cores to frame another core. This marvel is called atomic combination. As a result of the weight of the immense gravity on the iotas start to cover amongst them and start the procedure of mix of particles on account of hydrogen the temperature must ascent to 13 million degrees Calvin. This is the temperature required for the combination of atomic hydrogen. Our sun is a star at this phase as its temperature is adequate to blend hydrogen and deliver helium. The higher the temperature the more the molecules liquefy, the heavier particles will be delivered, which will expand the gravitational weight, in this manner expanding the temperature rise. Along these lines, the procedure of atomic combination will proceed until the point that we achieve the iron stage (56 protons). After which the procedure of mix stops and the star detonates.
Star composes from littler to bigger :
Well to return to the starting, the base to shape a star is to accumulate enough hydrogen. This sum is assessed to be 13 times that of Jupiter.
This implies any gas protest with a hydrogen measure of in excess of 13 times the mass of Jupiter will transform into a star, albeit less remains a gas planet.
Darker midget :
Envision that we can control matter and we can direct hydrogen to Jupiter. Accepting that we have expanded 13 times the present mass of Jupiter from hydrogen, we will first notice that gravity will start to pack the planet's mass fairly. After a timeframe and in view of the high temperature because of gravity weight hydrogen protons will be packed so much that they approach each other at the nuclear level and these iotas cover inside the scope of solid atomic power to each other.
This assembly of protons influences them to converge with each other to shape new particles, yet this procedure is administered by a few elements identified with temperatures and the measure of hydrogen expected to finish atomic combination. In the event that the temperature is over 13 million degrees Celsius, the hydrogen molecules will start to converge by consolidating the protons with each other. At this stage we have a little star yet no future on account of the absence of adequate measure of hydrogen to raise its temperature towards the following phases of atomic combination and remains the dark colored midget for this situation. The dark colored diminutive person stage in the stars is that the star has neglected to coordinate the hydrogen for the following stages (stays inside the period of the hydrogen partner deuterium) and subsequently the star won't develop from a smaller person to a red midget. In the event that the base to shape a darker diminutive person is the measure of hydrogen proportional to 13 times the mass of Jupiter and the most extreme size is the measure of hydrogen identical to 80 times the mass of Jupiter. This implies we need to add to the gas planet in excess of 80 times Jupiter's mass of hydrogen. Maybe this star will have a future advancement from a smaller person worked to a red midget. This is the thing that we will do straightaway.
Red Dwarf :
We should return to the purchaser and take a gander at what we ought to do to transform him into a red diminutive person. First we need to figure the measure of hydrogen should have been produced into a red smaller person. The required measure of hydrogen to actuate atomic combination is between 80 to 600 times Jupiter. Despite everything we require 13 million Calvin. I need to elucidate a critical point that atomic combination does not lose the substance of its mass, but rather in actuality it makes it heavier as the procedure consolidates two cores. The facts confirm that the two particles lose a portion of their mass as vitality, however the heft of the mass ends up heavier after some time. On account of stars, indeed, the aggregate vitality of the star diminishes (the second law of thermodynamics), yet the material changes from a light mass to a heavier mass.
Well how about we begin the procedure and watch what happens. In the wake of including 200 times Jupiter's mass of hydrogen, gravity started to pack particles on each other. It is helpful to recollect that the core of hydrogen comprises of a solitary proton. Once these protons have started to converge with each other, another substance comprising of the joined hydrogen particles we call substantial hydrogen deuterium, made out of the first proton in addition to another neutron framed by combination, is made. Obviously we added enough to proceed with the procedure (200 times the purchaser).
Note: I don't contact electrons with regards to the article at this stage yet later I will address them when we discuss the fall of stars.
In light of the impact of gravity framed from 200 times Jupiter and the subsequent warmth. After some time, deuterium or substantial hydrogen iotas started to pack increasingly with typical hydrogen particles. The core of the ordinary hydrogen molecule (proton mono) started to converge with overwhelming hydrogen (proton and neutron) another substance called tritium. Tritium is likewise a substantial hydrogen molecule yet its cores comprise of protons and two neutrons.
As a result of the substantial tritium mass contrasted with standard hydrogen, these particles start to shape in the center of the star to frame the core of the star (since gravity joins the heavier molecules first). Presently we have three layers inside the star. These layers comprise of hydrogen at first glance (since they are lighter iotas), at that point deuterium (since they are heavier than ordinary hydrogen) and afterward tritium in the core (since it is heavier than the two). The nearness of these substantial particles in the star prompts higher and speedier warmth, where the combination of every one of these molecules starts and new iotas start to frame helium.
The core of the helium core is proton and neutron. It turned out to be clear where these protons and neutrons originated from. It originated from a typical hydrogen combination (1 proton) with tritium (1 proton and 2 neutrons) = helium 2 proton 2 neutrons. It merits specifying that the dark colored diminutive person stayed darker in light of the fact that he couldn't dissolve the deuterium and stayed at that stage, while the red midget and its bigger mass could coordinate all hydrogen iotas into helium.
At this stage , we call the star overshadow red in the stage design essential :
The fundamental example is the period of atomic combination amongst hydrogen and helium arrangement. The fundamental example stage is the most boundless condition in the universe.
At the point when the star achieves the essential stage, the atomic combination in the core balances out and the helium proceeds for significant lots of time. This steadiness implies that the procedure can be tanned for several billions of years until the point that the star liquefies all the hydrogen and transforms into a white smaller person.
Because of the generally short age of the universe (13.8 billion years) contrasted with the age of the red midgets, we have not yet watched a red smaller person transformed into the phase of the white diminutive person.
The red smaller people are the most widely recognized in our system, Milky Way. The closest red midget of the Earth is the star of Proxima Centauri, which is 4.2 light-years away. I know I put on the name of the white diminutive person however don't fear anything, we will return and cover this sort of star soon. When all is said in done, the white or dark smaller person is the phase of the star's demise and the end of atomic combination inside it. How about we return to Jupiter and perceive how we can transform it into a sun
Helium and after that carbon and oxygen :
How about we return to our star ... on the off chance that we have a star with a substantial mass whose core comprises of helium and its surface of hydrogen (the heaviest mass keeps an eye on the core dependably). But since of its pitiful thickness (1,000,000 purchasers) it can't coordinate helium. After some time, in light of the expanding thickness of helium iotas in the core, the star's temperatures start to rise to an ever increasing extent. In the event that whatever is left of the combination procedure is unaltered without rising temperatures the star stays inside the fundamental phase of the example, for example, the star of the sun, for instance. In the event that the mass of the star is large to the point that a lot of helium (proton and neutron) shape, gravity won't be benevolent and will start to pack particles to an ever increasing extent. The distinction is that we are discussing particles heavier than hydrogen, so temperatures rise speedier. On the off chance that the temperature achieves 100 million Calvin, we are in another sort of star. We are currently before a red goliath.
Red Giant :
We have made the excursion to the bright star, yet now we need to leave the nearby planetary group to complete the following investigation, else we will vanish the planet in light of the fact that the measurement of the monster red star lies more than the separation between our sun and the planet. We are discussing a goliath star by all norms of warmth, mass, and atomic communications.
In the core of the star we will discover helium or more it overwhelming hydrogen or more it hydrogen. As temperatures rise, hydrogen and substantial hydrogen start to converge to shape more helium. While the helium show in the core is subjected to the effect of the gravity of the relentless to a temperature of 100 million Calvin, which starts the procedure of atomic combination of helium to a gathering of components, most strikingly carbon and oxygen. Now, the mass of the star will be no less than 9 times more noteworthy than our present sun (9,000 times the Jupiter). On the off chance that inside this star we have two levels of atomic combination. At the level of the outside layer, hydrogen converges with substantial hydrogen to frame helium. At the core level, helium is joined and shapes the accompanying components: lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, however its greater part comprises of carbon and oxygen.
This procedure proceeds until the point when the star achieves 600 million Calvin. Every one of these components are then converged into star cores, comprising of carbon and oxygen.
Atomic combination proceeds and creates more particles, including silicon, nickel, magnesium, calcium, titanium, sodium, potassium, sulfur and aluminum. Until the point when we get press. The iron has 26 protons and 30 neutrons or Fe 56 does not incorporate atomic. I won't say the explanations behind the non-combination of iron yet recollect that iron 56 does not coordinate atomic in light of the fact that combination requires more vitality than the vitality of the star won't add to the joining of weight iotas inside the star. Press is in this manner the last stage during the time spent atomic combination.
At this phase there are a few conceivable situations to happen :
Either combination and combination proceed and temperatures ascend until the point that iron is come to and the blast is in the state of supernova. Or on the other hand proceed with combination and joining until the point when the fumes of fuel without blast and the progress to the phase of the white diminutive person where the atomic combination stops and remains the components and iotas as they are and after that cool more to transform into a dark midget or detonate. The third situation is that the mass of the star is massive to the point that gravitational gravity turns into the star's atomic power, unfit to oppose gravity. The star crumples on itself and transforms into a dark gap.
Scenarist® first : the blast starburst Super Nova
Before entering the blast organize, I might want to speak somewhat about the particle and its segment with the goal that I can depict what the starburst is. The iota comprises of two vital parts: the core, which comprises of a proton and a neutron and an outer corona made up of electrons. The core has a positive electrical charge in light of the fact that the proton and electrons have a negative charge. Hence the electron and the core are pulled in to each other so don't move the electrons from the core. Electrons situated around the core take their circle in view of a specific measure of vitality and can just modify the circle level by procuring or losing their electrons for vitality.
When we squeeze iotas on each other we for all intents and purposes constrain the electrons to disson with the electrons of the body they are squeezing since they are largely adversely charged (the electromagnetic power). The law of quantum material science does not permit in excess of one molecule (Fermion) to exist in a similar place and this property is essential in understanding the supernova blast.
Presently return to the stars ...
When we came to the 56 iron and nickel stage in the core and halted the combination procedure this implies the particles never again have a place to pack it. Every one of the zones where the core is compacted by the core are currently depleted and electrons are presently having similar circles and once in a while a similar place. In light of the enormous gravity weight, the electrons start to oppose access to the core of the particle.
Because of the enormous weight, these electrons start to lose their capacity to stand up to. Due to the huge mass of the star and the weight of gravity, the electrons enter the core, causing the development of particles of gigantic vitality called neutrinos, which are delivered by the change of protons inside the core of the molecule into neutrons. With an insecure charge. The core turned into an extensive core of neutrons. This huge vitality caused a huge blast of the star we call supernova. The arrival of the neutrino from the core of the star before its blast enables us to distinguish the blast before its light contacts us. The landing of extensive amounts of neutrinos from a space source, which implies that we may see an awesome blast after a brief timeframe. So supernova observatories search for blasts before their light contacts us. Now the star detonates and its bones are scattered from every one of the molecules that have framed over the span of its life in space. All that you see around you from the living, minerals and components in nature originated from these blasts. We originated from the guts of these stars. The carbon iotas in my body originated from the blast of a star in the universe. Definitely it isn't the star of the sun on the grounds that the sun is the star of an essential example, hydrogen to helium as it were.
Carl Seguin says , " We are the residue of stars , " says researcher Stephen Hawking , " We acquire Dhiratna of the universe for a period without further ado to take her back to the universe to finish its excursion to shape universes and things new ." It merits saying that if the capacity of the electrons to oppose sufficiently solid and couldn't pull in gravity to within the core will transform the star into a white diminutive person made out of every one of these components inside and with time and with low temperature transforms into a dark midget or a star of neutrino. Maybe we will come back to the white smaller person inside the setting of the article if conceivable on the grounds that the destiny of the white midget is additionally in some cases energizing.
It is difficult to screen the supernova since it doesn't happen constantly however when stargazers screen it utilizes its glare as a proportion of the universe in the universe. Since we know all the better points of interest of the Supernova blast, we can utilize this information to decide and measure the glare of close-by stars, to quantify the separations and the stars. Additionally by estimating the light recurrence delivered by Supernova scientists could demonstrate the extension of the universe and gauge the extent of development or what we call Hubble Constant or Hubble Law.
We as a whole specify Einstein's renowned hypothesis of e = mc2 which expresses that vitality and matter are opposite sides of a solitary coin. Envision with me the measure of material delivered by every supernova that makes up all that you see around you. The measure of vitality delivered by the supernova blast is a sum that can not be depicted by words. As well as can be expected approach is to envision supernova right now of blast. It discharges vitality equivalent to all the vitality of the sun for the duration of its life (10 billion years) and transmits more serious light than every one of the stars of the Milky Way universe Two gatherings together. The supernova-borne material goes at 10% of the speed of light (30,000 kilometers for every second, or what might as well be called a full cycle around Earth in a second), which is a colossal speed for high-mass materials.
By the manner in which I specified that the components that are framed inside the stars stop at the iron on account of the likelihood of combination of atomic iron and did not specify where whatever remains of the components come heavier than press. Indeed, whatever remains of the overwhelming components framed amid the supernova blast and just amid this blast in light of the huge vitality coming about because of the blast.
The combination and combination coming about because of the blast shape heavier materials of iron to spread in space with whatever remains of the material we find in nature. Next time you take a gander at something made of gold recollect that this gold must be framed inside a supernova blast. When you drink drain since you are searching for lime recollect that this lime shaped in the stars and contacted you in view of the supernova or when you inhale oxygen you take in two oxygen molecules with numerous iotas of nitrogen framed in Supernova Finally when you pass on you realize that you restore the obligation that loaned the universe to utilize this The components keeping in mind the end goal to recognize him and find his insider facts. Indeed, we should return to our subject, when all is said in done, the stars that are bigger than the Sun no less than 9 times and 20 times the greatest transform into Supernova, yet why there is a roof? This is the thing that we will learn at the following station.
Situation II Black gaps or neutron stars :
I said toward the start of the supernova that the impact of gravity begins to weight the electrons constraining you to enter the core and that the impressions of this procedure transforms the protons into neutrons and consequently the blast of the star. Now and again the mass of the star is massive to the point that the electrons can not avoid the weight and the star starts to crumple. The star crumples and even the blast can not avoid the gravity of our cracked star breakdown or what we call a dark gap.
In some different cases, the power of the neutrons in the core is sufficiently solid to stop gravity, however after gravity has hugely compacted the mass. For instance, envision a sun-sized star compacted by the span of Damascus. For this situation we have what we call a neutron star, which is portrayed by a tremendous electromagnetic field and a gigantic temperature as a result of weight on the star. This sort of star is likewise known to turn around at 43000 rpm. In light of the electromagnetic field encompassing the star, the star starts to send electromagnetic driving forces in space at customary speeds. The first run through a neutron star was recognized, researchers thought they identified signs of contact with different universes as a result of the normality of the flag, however they could find the riddle later.
To return to the dark openings ....
As I said before that the dark openings are stars in which the integrative powers crumbled and gravity was conquered as a result of their colossal mass. In any case, this does not imply that the dark gaps are select to the stars, however any question can transform into a dark opening.
In the event that we approach a dark gap, we will find that there is a particular point in its space where the speed of the escape from the fascination of the dark gap is speedier than the speed of light. Now, setting off to the focal point of the opening ends up inescapable. The body is pulled in to the focal point of the gap and is deformed by gravity. I might want to call attention to a to some degree peculiar however energizing point: inside the dark gap, space-time breaks down and turns out to be just time (no place). When you enter the dark opening you are not heading towards the inside but rather sitting tight for the middle. Similarly as you are sitting tight for the happening to tomorrow, you don't go to tomorrow and can not escape tomorrow ... The nearest likeness to the dark gap and the powerlessness to escape it is the correlation of the progression of time and how you can not get away from the time. On the off chance that entrance to the middle time is unavoidable as long as we passed the purpose of the occasion or final turning point.
Incidentally, the dark openings are not an imposing business model on the stars where there is a sure stage in the event that we press the material in a nuclear shape turns into the power of gravity of the material more grounded than the various powers natural inside it proceeds with the weight until the material falls and transforms the body into a dark gap. This implies we hypothetically can transform anything into a dark opening. For instance, on the off chance that we press the globe to the extent of a solid shape of lego, the earth will transform into a dark gap in light of the fact that the weight proportion between the measure of the earth and the lego is the proportion required for the electrons of the earth to crumple before the weight of mass gravity.
For instance, in the event that we take the star of the sun and pack it at 3 cubic kilometers, the sun will transform into a dark opening. Is an estimation that encourages us to anticipate the arrangement of dark gaps ... In the event that we recognize a star in the fall arrange and figured the mass we can know its future on the off chance that it transforms into a dark gap or not. We realize that the star of the sun does not have the suitable mass to shape an alluring power to crush matter to the phase of the dark opening, yet one day the sun star will transform into a white diminutive person and may transform into a neutron star, yet we will either be moved to another sun oriented gathering or made an approach to live in a virtual world Or essentially wiped out. I wish this article to have accomplished a humble objective of changing your perspective of these sparkling items in the sky. I wish next time when you take a gander at the stars to discover that we as a whole originated from the stars ....
Great topic
thank you
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Nice topic thanks so much
thanks
أعجبني موضوعك شكرا
thank you
Good article, You are well thank you .
Thank you