Here are some very rough numbers to hopefully give a better understanding:
There are about 225,000,000 STEEM in existence, assuming 90% of them are in the form of Steem Power, that totals slightly more than 200,000,000 (I have no idea what % is actually in Steem Power). You have 13,250 Steem Power which is .00006625 or .006625% of the total steem power.
Assuming everyone uses their full voting power (they don't) and everyone has the same voting power (they don't), you have the power to allocate (.00006625 * 40,012) of rewards each day. 40,012 is the number of total STEEM allocated each day to authors and curators.
Under these circumstances, your percentage ownership in the network would give you the power to allocate 2.65 STEEM (which is $0.53 at a price of $0.20 per STEEM). That 53 cents is spread accross about 40 votes in this scenario, making it a little over 1 cent per vote.
This is the best way I know to keep it simple, but it doesn't address other key factors (such as a non-linear distribution curve to defend against sybil attacks).
If you want to see your vote having more of an impact, go vote on one of the day's most popular posts. You'll see the value change by a lot more than $.01.
Although your vote only increased the value of the virtualgrowth post by a penny, as the value of that post increases, the difference that your vote made gets significantly larger. It's only worth a penny now, but if it goes on to be $100 post, your vote might be worth $0.30+ cents of that $100.
Very interesting! Very helpful!
Thank you very much for taking the time and effort to explain this to me. I am certain other users will benefit from this as well - perhaps you could put up a top-level post on the subject - you can use me as the flailing subject. :)
Thanks again!