Theoretical classification
According to its origin, theoretically there can be at least three kinds of black holes:
According to the mass
knowing about black holes
A black hole is a finite region of space inside which there is a mass concentration high enough to generate a gravitational field such that no material particle, not even light, can escape from it. The radiation emitted by black holes like Cygnus X-1 does not come from the black hole itself but from its accretion disk.
The gravity of a black hole, or "curvature of space-time, causes a singularity enveloped by a closed surface, called the event horizon. This is predicted by the equations of the Einstein field. The event horizon separates the black hole region from the rest of the universe and is the boundary surface of space from which no particle can exit, including photons. This curvature is studied by general relativity, which predicted the existence of black holes and was his first indication.
The black holes come from a process of gravitational collapse that was widely studied in the mid-twentieth century by various scientists, particularly Robert Oppenheimer, Roger Penrose and Stephen Hawking among others.
This process begins after the "death" of a red giant (star of 10 to 25 or more times the mass of the Sun), being understood by "death" the total extinction of its energy. After several billions of years of life, the gravitational force of this star begins to exert force on itself, originating a mass concentrated in a small volume, becoming a white dwarf. At this point, this process can continue until the collapse of that star by the gravitational attraction that ends up turning this white dwarf into a black hole. This process ends up by gathering a force of attraction so strong that it catches even the light in it.
In simpler words, a black hole is the end result of the action of extreme gravity carried to the possible limit. The same gravity that keeps the star stable, begins to compress to the point that the atoms begin to collapse. Orbiting electrons get closer and closer to the atomic nucleus and end up merging with the protons, forming more neutrons through the process, so this process would involve the emission of a large number of neutrinos. The final result, a neutron star. At this point, depending on the mass of the star, the neutron plasma triggers an irreversible chain reaction, the gravity increases enormously as the distance that originally existed between the atoms diminished. The neutron particles implode, crushing more, resulting in a black hole, which is a region of space-time limited by the so-called event horizon.
One of the most accepted hypotheses is that in the center of each great galaxy there is a supermassive black hole. In fact, our own Milky Way also has its own giant black hole at its center. This is located 26,000 light years from the Solar System, in a region called Sagittarius A, and has a mass equal to 4 million suns.
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