What is Homeostasis ??
Homeostasis is the maintenance of the INTERNAL body environment.
How does the body maintain its environment ??
There are two systems in which the body maintains its internal environment.
They called the CONTROL FEEDBACK system, which are namely
Negative Feedback System
Positive Feedback System
Negative Feedback System
This is a feedback in which the system arrests or reverses a change that is happening to the human body
Examples are discussed below
Hormonal Control
Most hormone system of the body works on the basis of negative feedback system.
Case Study 1
Blood Sugar level is being controlled by insulin and glucagon. They work on the principle of Negative Feedback system.
When the blood sugar level is high, the negative feedback system reverses and arrests the increase in level of blood sugar using the insulin hormone which converts excess glucose in the body into glycogen, which stores it in the liver. But when the blood sugar level is drastically low, the negative feedback comes in again and arrests that change by increasing the blood level sugar using the glucagon hormone which increases the blood sugar, by converting stored glycogen in the liver into glucose again.
Case Study 2
Blood Clotting is also an example of a case where negative feedback control comes in.
It helps regulate the blood loss, in order for the human not to die due to blood loss.
Respiratory Control
The Negative Feedback system also helps in the control of Oxygen and Carbon dioxide level in the human body.
Oxygen Regulation
With the use of an haemoglobin red blood cell, the negative feedback system helps in controlling the oxygen level in the body. Haemoglobin is an oxygen lover, its easily binds with oxygen. Any part of the body which is low on oxygen, the haemoglobin cell goes to that area and deposit the oxygen in that region but does not release the oxygen if there is too much of oxygen in that region. This regulation us called oxygen-buffering function of the haemoglobin.
Carbon dioxide Control
Higher than normal in the human body, Carbon dioxide is removed from the body through the process of negative feedback system. When the concentration of Carbon dioxide is high in the body. it excites the respiratory centers. causing the person to breath heavily rapidly and deeply in order to remove the excess carbon dioxide in the blood and tissue fluids of the body. The process continues until its concentration level is back to normal.
Hunger and Thirst
We all know humans get hungered and thirsty, the negative feedback system tells your body to correct that hunger and thirst. How does it do it ?, well when you feel hunger or thirst, you try to correct that hunger and thirst by eating food (hunger) and drinking water (thirst).
Note -
We have different cases where negative feedback control comes in, regulation of arterial blood pressure, nervous control, temperature control etc.
Positive Feedback System
This is a feedback in which the system intensifies a change in the same direction.
That is, it increases that change in the same direction instead of what the negative feedback system does.
It is also known as a vicious cycle as it can sometimes lead to death of the individual.
Though, positive feedback system also has its own good use but it's good use is also under the negative feedback that is its good function can also be found under the negative feedback system.
Examples include,
Uterine Contraction (Oxytocin)
The positive feedback system increases the production of oxytocin in the same direction. Which in turn causes uterine contraction during childbirth which is a good use of positive feedback system.
Blood Clotting
This is another valuable example of positive feedback system. When the blood vessel is ruptured and a clot begins to form.
Positive feedback system, intensifies the production of clotting factors (thrombin and prothrombin) which plugs the hole in the vessel and bleeding no longer occurs.
But this can also be a vicious, assuming the blood clotting occurs in the heart vessels which leads to unwanted clots causing Heart Attack.
Nerve Stimulation
Its a system which is very useful when it comes to Action Potential of membranes, as it intensifies the movement of sodium ions into the cell which creates a nerve action potential.
The above examples are also classified under Negative Feedback System. You may ask why they are ?. Lemme give a short answer below.
Uterine Contraction - for childbirth and maintaining the population of the humans.
Blood clotting - Maintaining the normal blood volume.
Nerve stimulation - Allows the nerves to participate in thousands if negative feedback nervous control systems.
References
Thanks for reading, Have a nice day.
Informative...
Do you know that the concept of brain rewiring that occurs during addiction can be traced to positive feedback mechanism. Apart from uterine contraction and milk-ejection reflex, I am yet to see a positive feedback mechanism that is advantageous to the body system.
Positive feedback system also helps in the generation of Action potential
and production of prothrombin and thrombin for blood clotting
Yeah that's true
Wow! I never heard of that word! This is so informative! Thank you so much for sharing!
Peace, Abundance, and Liberty Network (PALnet) Discord Channel. It's a completely public and open space to all members of the Steemit community who voluntarily choose to be there.Congratulations! This post has been upvoted from the communal account, @minnowsupport, by Bcrafts from the Minnow Support Project. It's a witness project run by aggroed, ausbitbank, teamsteem, theprophet0, someguy123, neoxian, followbtcnews, and netuoso. The goal is to help Steemit grow by supporting Minnows. Please find us at the
If you would like to delegate to the Minnow Support Project you can do so by clicking on the following links: 50SP, 100SP, 250SP, 500SP, 1000SP, 5000SP.
Be sure to leave at least 50SP undelegated on your account.