A mechanical gearbox is a mechanism designed to step change the gear ratio, in which the selection of the transmission is carried out manually by the operator (driver). It is named so, since all of its main functional is realized exclusively at the expense of mechanical devices, without the use of hydraulic or electrical elements (unlike hydromechanical or electromechanical transmissions containing in their design, respectively, hydraulic and electrical elements).
The gearbox ensures the use of the optimum operating mode of the engine when driving in different conditions. In the manual gearbox, this is done by the driver switching gears (gears) having a different gear ratio.
Source Transmission inside.
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STOPGreat animation! that Really Helps to visualize how a transmission works.