It is difficult to find people who have never heard of the name of scientist Stephen Hawking, whether it is human or science, ordinary or extraordinary people. Who has studied cosmology or cosmology in life, he is Stephen Hawking Who wanted to bind the whole universe into one thread. We wanted to find out the reason behind the origin of this mysterious universe. Wrote 'Theory of Everything', 'The Universe in a Nightingale', 'The Grand Design' and the internationally best-selling 'A Brief History of Time' book, which is equally well received by all the scientists around the world.
Hawking scientist before motor neuron disease; Source: pinterest.com
The gifted scientist left us this year, March 14, 2018. It is strange to think that the man who was about to die was about 33 years ago, the man himself dedicated himself to science, for the last time in science work. But he was alive after showing the tied time of old fingers, for the next 33 years. And finally, after 76 years of age, we left.
Scientist Hawking's birth and death dates are a little mysterious. His birth date is 8 January 1942. From that time 300 years ago, on the same day, on the same day, 1642, on 16th January, theologian Galileo died. Again on the day of Hawking's death, ie, on March 14, 1879, in 1879, the birthplace of scientist Albert Einstein was born. On that same day, the day was celebrated on the same day. A lot of coincidence.
So memorizing his personal life is not the basis of this writing. When he was 21 years old, he was studying and researching Cosmology at Cambridge University. At that time suddenly a glass of water fell from his hand, when the speech was changed, the voice of the voice would have changed, the slippery going on the walk or the hand stuck to the ribbing. The matter was once considered deadly. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or Lu Geri's disease is found in his body.
Used wheelchair early; Source: wecapable.com
Generally speaking, the nerves that control the muscles of the infected person's body slowly begin to relax and once again become completely weak. That means the affected person is unable to control his body muscles. So after the disease was attacked, the doctors gave him time. He was told that he would live only two and a half years. But Hawking did not stop it. He focused on the study of physics and cosmology.
In this situation, in the first instance, he had to suffer a lot of pain in his neuron. He could not speak properly, could not move, could move. He had only two fingers on his brain and right hand. As a lifetime, he took shelter in his wheelchair.
Initially, when he took shelter in the wheelchair, his voice did not stop completely. But his vocal voice was very vague for the understanding of the people. Only those who knew him very closely could understand his words. One of his students helped him in his research work. But the rule left, in 1985 due to surgery in the airway, he lost his voice completely.
He could not continue his research because of the result of losing his voice. Then he was taken into account by a computer programmer in California. This computer programmer created a program that could work according to the instructions of the movement of eyes and head. This discovery has some advantages of hockey in scientists. Because he could select a sound from the computer screen and it was later made to listen to audio as a voice synthesizer. Much like today's Google Translator program is like the audio program.
Sensors attached to the glasses could detect the movement of the cheek muscles and with its help, he used to work in the selection; Source: upi.com
Although he had lost control of almost all his muscles, he could still use two fingers on the right hand. But in 2008, both of these fingers were too weak to run the program. After that the program is set in such a way that he can run the program with the help of cheek and jaw movement. On his jaw, a sensor is attached to the other side of the glasses.
So let's know about how this program works, now.
Since 1997, Intel Corporation represents Hawking's computer-based communications system. Basically a tablet computer is connected to him on a wheelchair handle. This computer started with Hawking's wheelchair battery. There was an extra battery system for the emergency.
The computer of Hawking's computer, with the help of Intel company's open software; Source: umayinfotechs.com
So the communication system and the communication system in it were basically a free program written by Intel (Open Source Program). On the computer screen there was a keyboard software where a cursor could move on top of the keyboard and on the back, according to the rows and the column at the same time. When there is a need to select a character, he would have cursed the cursor with the help of a sensor in the throat, and that letter was selected. Now the problem is that there is a lot of time needed to select each letter one by one. In order to get rid of that problem, the program had 'Word Prediction System'. That is, with the selection of two letters, almost all the words could be seen on the computer screen. So it was easy for him to pick words from there.
To detect the movements of his cheek, there was an infrared sensor attached to his glasses and the Word Prediction Elgorithm was originally designed based on his lecture and book, so that there is no problem with science-based words. When such a sentence was made at the end of the selection of a word like this, then he would send them to the part called Voice Synthesizer. Voice synthesizer was originally a separate hardware created by Speech Plus. When each sentence was sent to this synthesizer, then this machine transformed that written sentence into words and made it useful to listen to us. As long as this sound was heard, he made another sentence and sent it to the voice synthesizer. Let's talk about it.
Through this open source program, he used to create sentences from the sound only and it was not heard as audio. He could have used this program to check his mail from Microsoft Outlook, which could have used the Internet in the Firefox Internet browser. Even with the help of it, he could write his lecture in Microsoft Word. Then Intel creates a new computer for him where the webcam is connected. With this, he could use Skype to communicate with close friends. His closest people were very familiar with the expression of his face, so it would not have been very difficult to communicate with them.
The free software was very useful for writing or lecturing your own paper; Source: sirfnews.com
He used to lecture this free software. This program has a part called lecture manager. He used to make his lectures first, then he would send them in paragraph form in the audio segment ie Voice synthesizer device. Although many more experimental methods have been discovered for him later, such as all the mechanisms that can be controlled directly by the movement of the eye or by the brain. But according to Hawking, the process of computer control by the movement of his cheek switches, that is, the muscles of the cheek was most acceptable to him.
There were two wheelchairs full of Hawking's technology. Among the devices that were added in each wheelchair are the ACAT interface software developed by Intel and the Digital Blink Switch, software speaker emulator written by Patera Beni, which runs on Raspberry Pie 3 computer, speaker plus hardware speaker synthesizer, speaker speaker speaker and amplifier, Lenovo laptops and all the remaining hardware Intel supplied by the child.
Scientist Stephen Hawking, a scientist who is named after science after Einstein. But only his talent did not make him so famous. Rather, despite his disability, he has continued his research. The person who had been tied for the last day, doctors, that person was the famous scientist of the current world. These stars died on March 14th. But in the wheelchairs and with the help of many technologies, after having a lot of artificial life, he has made his immense contribution to science, which is really unimaginable.
Feature Image: howitworksdaily.com
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