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It's going to happen sooner than you expect! Indeed, there have been AI written posts here in the past that seem to upset the humans. Human supremacy is doomed for failure, we better accept it and look for a better way to live alongside machine intelligence.

What are the main options we have, though ?

As far as I can see, there's 2 possibilities in store for us:

  1. AI and robots somehow create enough new types of jobs for most of us to continue with our little merry lives (or the governments go despotic and force regulations forbidding X and Y job types from being automated)

Low likelihood of this, I think.

  1. The amount of jobs keeps falling, the number of people rising. Some use the internet to gain an income by selling infromation products, or learn old crafts and go into artisan crafts, but most find themselves without jobs.

Seems most likely. Now the solutions that are proposed all seem to lack something to me. UBI is a temporary measure, taxing robots won't work too well(the industry will just create AI to "make-believe" there are human employes, or just straight out lie about flesh-to-machine employee ratio) and the "live a life of luxury as the robots do our every whim" ONLY works after a certain level of complexity comes around, which I believe is still about 30-50 years away, maybe more.

What do you think ? Are there opinions I've missed ? (I read a lot, but my attention to news is very sporadic, so I might have missed some proposed solutions)

I think AI will simply be integrated with humans. We'll all have super processors in our brain that connect with the internet. The boundaries will start to merge at that point. In the near term, with the drastic increase in productivity brought about by automation, humans will have a lot of free time and money. Let's hope the economies put this human resource to good use.

It is also imperative that the wealth does not simply become concentrated among the 0.1% that control the machines. The world is already grotesquely inequal, but the rise of the machines pose an even more severe challenge.

True. I'm hoping for the same scenario (for some reason I hadn't thought about including it in my "analysis" above XS) Combining the augmented processing speed of AI with basic human creativity and drive could lead, in a round-about way, to the "general AI" grail they've been seeking much sooner than if they just focused on working on it themselves (since they would then have to --if they had brains-- implement a ton of off switches and hard-coded deactivation elements everywhere to avoid it going out of control).

Yes. We need to find a way to, if not distribute wealth equally, make wealth distribution a moot point when it comes to feeding, housing and clothing oneself.

I wonder if someone, somewhere, is working on an AI to analyze the entire capitalist market and wealth distribution and try to figure out how to distribute wealth more equally ?

There's no reason neural networks can't achieve human creativity, and indeed, a far advanced form of creativity that we probably cannot imagine. Already, AlphaGo has beaten the best Go players in the world - a game based purely on imagination, unlike chess. And yes, we are just getting started! So, human brains are basically useless and obsolete within the next few decades unless we get some help from AI.

As for politics, AI could potentially be an objective voice in determining what's best for our species. Maybe an advanced form of UBI that'd best allocate resources optimally. I don't think this will happen though, the world is too full of human supremacists to ever agree over such a policy. That said, a country progressive enough to elect in a government heavily using AI to influence their policies would have such a massive competitive advantage that the other countries will be forced to adopt.