Collectivization consisted in the reformation of agricultural production. Farmers and private farmers were forced to combine their economies into a collective organization controlled by the state. The greater part of the production was transferred to state ownership.
Prosperous peasants who refused to conduct collective farms were deprived of all political and civil rights, sent into exile, and their property was confiscated and evenly distributed between the state and the informer.The main indicator of the effectiveness of collective farms was the level of grain that the peasants annually surrendered to the state. To show their collective farm from the best side, the local authorities began to forcefully take the bread from the peasants. Together with the grain, other products were selected: vegetables, fruits, cereals.
The supreme power headed by Stalin understood perfectly how the local officials acted, but they did not prevent it in any way - the country needed money for future industrialization.
The result of the predatory policy of the Bolsheviks was a large-scale famine and millions of repressed, innocent "enemies of the state." The official completion of the process of collectivization is considered to be 1937, at that time more than 21 million peasant farms were collectivized, which became more than 95% of their total number.
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