Private blockchains are interesting, but only based on where they fit on that spectrum. Some people consider DPoS systems "permissioned blockchains" because only the elected block producers can produce. With PoW, anyone can spend money on a mining rig, turn it on, and produce blocks (in theory). Some private blockchains may make sense within, for example, a corporate structure or within a group of companies working together where data interoperability is a major cost and having a shared protocol use very useful for solving the coordination problem. It's similar, I guess, to a private database with decentralized nodes that has very clear specifications for how things work. Getting everyone to agree on that protocol can be tricky and having a governance mechanism to remove those who are not performing is also valuable, which a private blockchain could give, but it's still not unique to "blockchain technology" in a meaningful way, IMO.
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I like what Ari Paul said about permissioned blockchains last year:
When you look at markets and supply chains, some are obviously better organized than others. When blockchain proposals are popular, that suggests a market failure - which could be solved by a centralized solution if there's an organization trusted by all participants.
"Private blockchains" are a miss-use of technology. Just because you can do something doesn't mean it makes any sense! I can run sequential code on a GPU, but that would be pretty silly..
It makes far more sense to use an application specific consensus protocol among the privately known participants.