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Heracleion, formerly known as Thonisank, sank in the 3rd or 2nd century BC. Probably due to liquefaction of the silt on which the city was built, it was submerged in the waters after repeated strong shocks.
This city located at the mouth of the Nile River was once a place of wealth and prosperity 2,500 years ago.
In 2000, French archaeologist Franck Goddio discovered the underwater ruins of the city.
It was Egypt's most important port during the late Pharaonic period and one of the country's main commercial centers, until it was forgotten after the sea swallowed it up.
In the 3rd century BC, Heraklion saw the fall of the last pharaohs and the beginning of the Hellenistic period when Alexander the Great conquered Egypt, but about a hundred years later, it was swallowed by the sea.
Heracleion flourished especially between the 6th to 4th centuries BC as numerous archaeological discoveries reveal. Pharaoh Nectanebo I made several important additions to the temple in the 4th century BC.
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The city was not only known for its harbor, it also occupied an important place in Greek mythology: Helen of Troy and her lover Paris visited here before the Trojan War.
This is also where the god Hercules (Heracles in Roman mythology) first set foot in Egypt.
Many believe it to be the real-life Atlantis: years after it sank, its existence was forgotten and Heracleion became a myth.
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