In December 1978, the Soviet Union faced an unprecedented climate catastrophe that brought the nation to its knees. As temperatures plummeted to a shocking -73°F (-58 °C), entire cities lost power, heating systems failed, and millions of people struggled to survive. But behind this arctic nightmare lurked an even greater danger - a near-catastrophic incident at the Beloyarsk Nuclear Power Station that could have changed history forever.
The 1978 Ice Age: When All of Russia Froze to -73°F
Through personal memories and eyewitness accounts, this video reveals the forgotten story of the Soviet Union's deadliest winter. From students fighting for survival in the brutal cold to families huddling in frozen apartments, from desperate attempts to stay warm to neighbors helping each other through the crisis - these are the stories of ordinary people who lived through an extraordinary moment in history.
Discover:
• How an unusual weather pattern turned into a national emergency
• The devastating impact on infrastructure and daily life
• Personal stories of survival and human kindness
• The hidden nuclear crisis that almost led to disaster
• How this event compares to today's changing climate
A chilling reminder of nature's power and humanity's resilience in the face of impossible odds.
The cold snap was so severe that it even reached as far as Germany, the brown coal froze in the GDR and almost the entire power supply collapsed as a result, north and east Germany (in the GDR and West-Germany) was in large regions completely cut off from the outside world. My home in the north-west was only really hit hard in the second cold spell in February 1979, the snowdrifts lasted until May according to my parents. My great uncle was a farmer, he had trouble milking the cows and had to pour all the milk away. Other farmers' cows froze to death in the barns. At least there was something positive for my parents, my brother was conceived during the first cold snap For us here, these are very unusual events because we are not used to it (temperatures to -30°C), for you it would be a normal winter period in Siberia, I didn't even know it was that bad in the Soviet Union, it must've been absolute horror Thank you for the exciting video, I learned so much new stuff!
In January 1977, my area in Virginia USA spent about 2.5 weeks with incredible cold: nighttime lows were -18 to -20F, and daytime HIGHS were only -5F. Normally, we don't even go below 0F for a low temperature. I'd thought that was nearly unbearable outdoors, but we still had heat, electricity, and water indoors. I can't imagine how Russians survived the brutal cold that you described so vividly with no resources unless they had gas stoves for a bit of heat. My heart goes out to the families who lost loved ones during that awful winter. And God bless that wonderful woman who opened her building to the cats and dogs who otherwise would have frozen to death. Thank you for such an informative video!
The Diocletian system arose in the middle of the third century when the political and military problems Rome was facing posed a significant threat to her stability. The new structure utilized a shallow “defense in depth” strategy to replace the massed force model. As in the Antonine system, there was no surplus of military power for offensive use or deterrent, but unlike its predecessor, the Diocletian system had no “surge” capability.
The concept of defense was one of containment. Because forces had to be put together ad hoc according to circumstances, penetrations were commonplace and the threat of Roman power was everywhere absent. Any diplomacy undertaken with external powers was local and dependent on the availability of forces. The outputs and inputs to the military system had finally come into balance and security was equal to the size of the force put to the task of maintaining it.
The most important accomplishment of the Lycurgan reforms was the creation of the Spartan Army, an instrument of power that held off political revolution in Sparta for 400 years. At the same time, the reforms created some behaviors which had a negative impact on the army and diminished its power to protect the Spartan people.
Before discussing the army, it is necessary for us to explain how the words Spartan and Lacedaemonian come into play here. Spartans were the people inhabiting the five villages of Sparta – Mesoa, Kynosaura, Pitane, Limnae, and Amyklai, while Lacedaemonian defines the physical area of Spartan control including Sparta, Messenia, and the Perioikoi Villages of the Central Peloponnese. Because the Spartan Army used hoplites from the Lacedaemonian territories, the word Lacedaemonian more accurately describes its composition.
The Spartan tactic of using territorial reinforcements was a necessity but at the same time a trap which limited the size of the army. Because the Perioikoi were more numerous, they offered a large auxiliary force, but their numbers in battle had to be limited by ratio to the number of Spartiates, otherwise the balance of the army’s power would be held by outsiders. This requirement led to the unfortunate consequence of a decrease in the size of the army as the number of available Spartiates declined.
Spartans had forty years of eligibility for service, from age twenty to sixty. To prepare for war, they chose a call up age limit based on the number of hoplites needed -- sometimes age forty-five, sometimes fifty, and in extreme cases, more.
As early as Platea, the Sparta’s ability to field adequate numbers of Homoioi was stretched relative to the Perioikoi. The Spartans selected a call up to age forty-five for that battle, while the Perioikoi had enough hoplites available to afford the luxury of selecting only elite troops. Since the Perioikoi did not attend the Agoge, they did not possess equivalent skill in battle, but were also not subject to the same cultural pressures as the Homoioi. They had their own professions and lived a “normal” life like other Greeks. During the centuries when the Spartan Army was the strongest in Greece, the Perioikoi contingent was never utilized to its capacity.
The Spartan Phalanx was built by aggregating small units into larger ones --the smallest unit being the Enomotia with a maximum of 40 men. Each Enomotia consisted of two Syssitia, the basic unit of the mess. The twenty men who dined every day together were considered a “band of brothers” who ate together, trained together, and went to war together. Each Enomotia was represented by all age classes required to be present in a specific deployment. For example, when the call up was to age forty-five, each Enomotia consisted of five hoplites between the age of 20 and 25, five between the age of 25 and 30, five between the ages of 30 and 35, five between the ages of 35 and 40, and five between the ages of 40 and 45, making a total of 25. In a call up to age 60, there would be 40 men for each Enomotia.
NY law firm CEO Kevin Colwell killed in upstate skiing mishap: 'An immense tragedy'
State police are investigating after upstate law firm founder Kevin Colwell was found “severely injured” at the Gore Mountain ski area and pronounced dead.
The founder and CEO of a prominent Capital District law firm was killed in a skiing mishap at an upstate ski mountain on Saturday, police and the firm said Sunday.
Kevin Colwell, 53, head of the Albany law offices of Colwell Law Group, died after being found severely injured near the Sagamore Trail at Gore Mountain around 11 a.m., state police said in a release.
Colwell was identified on Facebook by the firm he founded.
“This is an immense tragedy for all of us at the Colwell Law Group,” Jennifer Stevens, chief operating officer at Colwell, said in a statement. “Kevin built not just a business, but a family, and the loss of his presence is felt deeply by all who had the privilege of working wit him.”
Police said the injured Colwell was spotted on the slopes, and died despite life-saving efforts by bystanders and members of the ski patrol.
His law firm has been in practice for nearly 20 years around the state capital as well as in Western and Central New York, the law group’s statement said.
In a previous post (June 2009), I discussed Lycurgus and his influence over the development of the Spartan political system. I described him as a shadowy figure who may never have existed. Rather than speculate about Lycurgus as a person and his influence over the Spartan political system, I would like to focus now on the system itself, its development and the forces that pushed it forward.
The most cohesive story of that time was contained in Plutarch’s life of Lycurgus, which attributes the Spartan government to that great lawgiver. Many of his facts have been questioned and much may have come from Plato – a biased source writing centuries later – but still it’s a place to start.
Prior to the advent of its militaristic model Sparta, like many of the other Greek Poleis, was managed by an aristocratic faction. We talked previously about splinter experiments in new government, like the Basileus as a military leader, which failed to catch on. But at some point, possibly the mid-eight century B.C, the Spartan political system began to evolve in a unique direction. Was Lycurgus the prime mover? Maybe, but there were certainly forces at work moving the Spartans toward equality whether or not they were driven by a single individual.
The foundational step was the creation of the Council of Elders, which as Plato stated had the effect of “cooling the high fever or royalty” and since the Elders had equal vote with the kings, they could bring “caution and sobriety to their deliberations”. The Gerousia and was made up of thirty members including the two kings.
The second body of government was the Ecclesia or Assembly, made up of all members of the Spartan army (hoplites). These members were referred to as Homoioi. Remarkably, the Assembly was mandated by the Rhetra (pronouncement of the Oracle) of Lycurgus near the end of the 8th century B.C, making it the first citizen legislative body in history.
Plutarch tells us what happened next. “Even though these changes had the effect of mixing the several powers of the state, successor generations, seeing that the powers of the oligarchy were unimpaired, and that it was, as Plato calls it, full of life and vigor, placed as a curb to it the power of the Ephors. The first Ephors, of whom Elatus was one, were elected during the reign of Theopompus” circa 675 B.C. The five Ephors were administrators elected for one year who were granted power greater than the kings with regards to the management of Spartan society, although in military matters, the kings were supreme. Speculation is that the Ephors were originally part of the king’s staff, but spun off as a separate governmental unit to reduce royal authority.
According to our sources, thirty thousand lots were granted to the Perioeci (neighboring villages) and nine thousand (later twelve thousand) to Spartiates.
One wonders about the land distribution and it impetus. What factor would have caused the rich to share their land? While the formation of a Council of Elders and Assembly are logical, even inevitable, the redistribution of land is not. There answer of course is that the rich did not give up their land. The land distribution was public land similar to the Roman agar publicus. There was still private land held onto by the rich. Embedded in the land distribution somewhere is the relationship between Sparta and Messenia, the territory of fertile lands west of the Taygetos Mountains. See map below.
!summarize #Russian #women #culture #russia
Hi, @taskmaster4450le,
This post has been voted on by @darkcloaks because you are an active member of the Darkcloaks gaming community.
Get started with Darkcloaks today, and follow us on Inleo for the latest updates.
!summarize #southwest #unitedstates #travel #geography
!summarize #sovietunion #1978 #russia #cold #freezing
In December 1978, the Soviet Union faced an unprecedented climate catastrophe that brought the nation to its knees. As temperatures plummeted to a shocking -73°F (-58 °C), entire cities lost power, heating systems failed, and millions of people struggled to survive. But behind this arctic nightmare lurked an even greater danger - a near-catastrophic incident at the Beloyarsk Nuclear Power Station that could have changed history forever.
The 1978 Ice Age: When All of Russia Froze to -73°F
Through personal memories and eyewitness accounts, this video reveals the forgotten story of the Soviet Union's deadliest winter. From students fighting for survival in the brutal cold to families huddling in frozen apartments, from desperate attempts to stay warm to neighbors helping each other through the crisis - these are the stories of ordinary people who lived through an extraordinary moment in history.
Discover:
• How an unusual weather pattern turned into a national emergency
• The devastating impact on infrastructure and daily life
• Personal stories of survival and human kindness
• The hidden nuclear crisis that almost led to disaster
• How this event compares to today's changing climate
A chilling reminder of nature's power and humanity's resilience in the face of impossible odds.
The cold snap was so severe that it even reached as far as Germany, the brown coal froze in the GDR and almost the entire power supply collapsed as a result, north and east Germany (in the GDR and West-Germany) was in large regions completely cut off from the outside world. My home in the north-west was only really hit hard in the second cold spell in February 1979, the snowdrifts lasted until May according to my parents. My great uncle was a farmer, he had trouble milking the cows and had to pour all the milk away. Other farmers' cows froze to death in the barns. At least there was something positive for my parents, my brother was conceived during the first cold snap For us here, these are very unusual events because we are not used to it (temperatures to -30°C), for you it would be a normal winter period in Siberia, I didn't even know it was that bad in the Soviet Union, it must've been absolute horror Thank you for the exciting video, I learned so much new stuff!
!summarize #california #landslide #nature
In January 1977, my area in Virginia USA spent about 2.5 weeks with incredible cold: nighttime lows were -18 to -20F, and daytime HIGHS were only -5F. Normally, we don't even go below 0F for a low temperature. I'd thought that was nearly unbearable outdoors, but we still had heat, electricity, and water indoors. I can't imagine how Russians survived the brutal cold that you described so vividly with no resources unless they had gas stoves for a bit of heat. My heart goes out to the families who lost loved ones during that awful winter. And God bless that wonderful woman who opened her building to the cats and dogs who otherwise would have frozen to death. Thank you for such an informative video!
!summarize #nazi #ancient #secrets #germany #history
!summarize #billmaher #nfl #superbowl #media
The Diocletian system arose in the middle of the third century when the political and military problems Rome was facing posed a significant threat to her stability. The new structure utilized a shallow “defense in depth” strategy to replace the massed force model. As in the Antonine system, there was no surplus of military power for offensive use or deterrent, but unlike its predecessor, the Diocletian system had no “surge” capability.
The concept of defense was one of containment. Because forces had to be put together ad hoc according to circumstances, penetrations were commonplace and the threat of Roman power was everywhere absent. Any diplomacy undertaken with external powers was local and dependent on the availability of forces. The outputs and inputs to the military system had finally come into balance and security was equal to the size of the force put to the task of maintaining it.
!summarize #hudsonbay #history #newyork
The most important accomplishment of the Lycurgan reforms was the creation of the Spartan Army, an instrument of power that held off political revolution in Sparta for 400 years. At the same time, the reforms created some behaviors which had a negative impact on the army and diminished its power to protect the Spartan people.
Before discussing the army, it is necessary for us to explain how the words Spartan and Lacedaemonian come into play here. Spartans were the people inhabiting the five villages of Sparta – Mesoa, Kynosaura, Pitane, Limnae, and Amyklai, while Lacedaemonian defines the physical area of Spartan control including Sparta, Messenia, and the Perioikoi Villages of the Central Peloponnese. Because the Spartan Army used hoplites from the Lacedaemonian territories, the word Lacedaemonian more accurately describes its composition.
!summarize #mcmurdostation #antartica #travel
!summarize #saltoncity #california
!summarize #alaska #mysteries #abandoned
The Spartan tactic of using territorial reinforcements was a necessity but at the same time a trap which limited the size of the army. Because the Perioikoi were more numerous, they offered a large auxiliary force, but their numbers in battle had to be limited by ratio to the number of Spartiates, otherwise the balance of the army’s power would be held by outsiders. This requirement led to the unfortunate consequence of a decrease in the size of the army as the number of available Spartiates declined.
Spartans had forty years of eligibility for service, from age twenty to sixty. To prepare for war, they chose a call up age limit based on the number of hoplites needed -- sometimes age forty-five, sometimes fifty, and in extreme cases, more.
!summarize #russellbrand #usaid #government
As early as Platea, the Sparta’s ability to field adequate numbers of Homoioi was stretched relative to the Perioikoi. The Spartans selected a call up to age forty-five for that battle, while the Perioikoi had enough hoplites available to afford the luxury of selecting only elite troops. Since the Perioikoi did not attend the Agoge, they did not possess equivalent skill in battle, but were also not subject to the same cultural pressures as the Homoioi. They had their own professions and lived a “normal” life like other Greeks. During the centuries when the Spartan Army was the strongest in Greece, the Perioikoi contingent was never utilized to its capacity.
!summarize #steveyoung #money #car #business
!summarize #plants #distributioncenters #tennessee
The Spartan Phalanx was built by aggregating small units into larger ones --the smallest unit being the Enomotia with a maximum of 40 men. Each Enomotia consisted of two Syssitia, the basic unit of the mess. The twenty men who dined every day together were considered a “band of brothers” who ate together, trained together, and went to war together. Each Enomotia was represented by all age classes required to be present in a specific deployment. For example, when the call up was to age forty-five, each Enomotia consisted of five hoplites between the age of 20 and 25, five between the age of 25 and 30, five between the ages of 30 and 35, five between the ages of 35 and 40, and five between the ages of 40 and 45, making a total of 25. In a call up to age 60, there would be 40 men for each Enomotia.
!summarize #bennybinion #lasvegas #mafia #mobster #history
!summarize #johatsu #japan #disappear
!summarize #space #economics #longstardestroyer
!summarize #northkorea #escape
NY law firm CEO Kevin Colwell killed in upstate skiing mishap: 'An immense tragedy'
State police are investigating after upstate law firm founder Kevin Colwell was found “severely injured” at the Gore Mountain ski area and pronounced dead.
The founder and CEO of a prominent Capital District law firm was killed in a skiing mishap at an upstate ski mountain on Saturday, police and the firm said Sunday.
Kevin Colwell, 53, head of the Albany law offices of Colwell Law Group, died after being found severely injured near the Sagamore Trail at Gore Mountain around 11 a.m., state police said in a release.
Colwell was identified on Facebook by the firm he founded.
“This is an immense tragedy for all of us at the Colwell Law Group,” Jennifer Stevens, chief operating officer at Colwell, said in a statement. “Kevin built not just a business, but a family, and the loss of his presence is felt deeply by all who had the privilege of working wit him.”
Police said the injured Colwell was spotted on the slopes, and died despite life-saving efforts by bystanders and members of the ski patrol.
His law firm has been in practice for nearly 20 years around the state capital as well as in Western and Central New York, the law group’s statement said.
!summarize #crazymountains #montana #billionaires
!summarize #ai #raydalio
!summarize #taylorswift #maga #politics #celebrity #trump #traviskelce
!summarize #theoretical #physics #deepseek #chatgpt
!summarize #china #mars #space #race #unitedstates
!summarize #budlight #beer #brand #dylanmulvaney
!summarize #undergroud #citites
!summarize #death #consciousness #nde #universe #afterlife
!summarize #trump #taxes #incometaxes
!summarize #caucasusmountains #geography #travel
!summarize #saudiarabia #megacity #wealth
!summarize #darpa #military #technology
In a previous post (June 2009), I discussed Lycurgus and his influence over the development of the Spartan political system. I described him as a shadowy figure who may never have existed. Rather than speculate about Lycurgus as a person and his influence over the Spartan political system, I would like to focus now on the system itself, its development and the forces that pushed it forward.
The most cohesive story of that time was contained in Plutarch’s life of Lycurgus, which attributes the Spartan government to that great lawgiver. Many of his facts have been questioned and much may have come from Plato – a biased source writing centuries later – but still it’s a place to start.
Prior to the advent of its militaristic model Sparta, like many of the other Greek Poleis, was managed by an aristocratic faction. We talked previously about splinter experiments in new government, like the Basileus as a military leader, which failed to catch on. But at some point, possibly the mid-eight century B.C, the Spartan political system began to evolve in a unique direction. Was Lycurgus the prime mover? Maybe, but there were certainly forces at work moving the Spartans toward equality whether or not they were driven by a single individual.
The foundational step was the creation of the Council of Elders, which as Plato stated had the effect of “cooling the high fever or royalty” and since the Elders had equal vote with the kings, they could bring “caution and sobriety to their deliberations”. The Gerousia and was made up of thirty members including the two kings.
!summarize #usaid #gamers #toxic #journalism #government
The second body of government was the Ecclesia or Assembly, made up of all members of the Spartan army (hoplites). These members were referred to as Homoioi. Remarkably, the Assembly was mandated by the Rhetra (pronouncement of the Oracle) of Lycurgus near the end of the 8th century B.C, making it the first citizen legislative body in history.
Plutarch tells us what happened next. “Even though these changes had the effect of mixing the several powers of the state, successor generations, seeing that the powers of the oligarchy were unimpaired, and that it was, as Plato calls it, full of life and vigor, placed as a curb to it the power of the Ephors. The first Ephors, of whom Elatus was one, were elected during the reign of Theopompus” circa 675 B.C. The five Ephors were administrators elected for one year who were granted power greater than the kings with regards to the management of Spartan society, although in military matters, the kings were supreme. Speculation is that the Ephors were originally part of the king’s staff, but spun off as a separate governmental unit to reduce royal authority.
!summarize #democrats #rating #Politics
!summarize #time #illusion #Physics #science
According to our sources, thirty thousand lots were granted to the Perioeci (neighboring villages) and nine thousand (later twelve thousand) to Spartiates.
One wonders about the land distribution and it impetus. What factor would have caused the rich to share their land? While the formation of a Council of Elders and Assembly are logical, even inevitable, the redistribution of land is not. There answer of course is that the rich did not give up their land. The land distribution was public land similar to the Roman agar publicus. There was still private land held onto by the rich. Embedded in the land distribution somewhere is the relationship between Sparta and Messenia, the territory of fertile lands west of the Taygetos Mountains. See map below.
!summarize #Target #dei #business #retail #money